On June 1, 2017, the newly revised "Regulations on Pesticide Management" came into effect. The Regulations on Pesticide Management further improves the policy of encouraging the creation of new pesticides, clearly stipulates that new pesticide researchers can apply for pesticide registration, and allows them to transfer the registration information of new pesticides that have been registered.

The "Measures for the Management of Pesticide Registration", which came into effect on August 1, 2017, implements and refines the relevant provisions of the "Regulations on Pesticide Management", defines the scope of new pesticide researchers with departmental regulations, and allows multiple subjects to jointly develop new pesticides.

The "Pesticide Registration Data Requirements", which came into effect on November 1, 2017, in accordance with the provisions of the "Regulations on Pesticide Management" and "Measures for the Administration of Pesticide Registration", raised the threshold for pesticide registration access, introduced a risk assessment mechanism, and especially improved the relevant tests and data requirements for the safety and effectiveness evaluation of new pesticides.

According to the Constitution of the National Pesticide Registration and Review Committee, new pesticide registration needs to be reviewed by the National Pesticide Registration and Review Committee, in view of the committee meeting is only held twice a year, in order to successfully achieve the implementation of the Regulations on Pesticide Management after “ Old and new ” Since 2019, the fourth meeting of the Ninth National Pesticide Registration and Review Committee has begun to review new pesticides in accordance with the "Pesticide Registration Data Requirements". If the registration application of new pesticides is submitted in 2018, it is five years since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

Therefore, this paper is based on “ New requirements ” The analysis of registered new pesticides can witness the leading role of green and high-quality agricultural development for the creation and development of new pesticides since the 19th National Congress of the Party.

Overall registration

2019— In 2022, 43 new pesticide active ingredients and 78 products were registered in China, including 32 original drugs (mother drugs) and 46 preparations (see Table 1).

New pesticide product characteristics

Toxicity level low toxicity

In general, 78 new pesticide products were registered, of which 59 were low-toxicity products, accounting for 75.6%; There were 19 mildly toxic products, accounting for 24.4%. Looking at the year by year (see Figure 1), in 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022, mildly toxic pesticides accounted for 5%, 10%, 24% and 80% respectively. This is closely related to the types of pesticides registered in the year, for example, five products registered in 2022 are microbial pesticides. This reflects that China's new pesticide registration products are more low-toxicity and micro-toxic, and the risks of pesticides to people, livestock and other beneficial organisms are significantly reduced, which is in line with the requirements of green development.

Environmental friendly dosage form  

New pesticide products involve a total of 10 pesticide dosage forms (see Figure 2). Among them, the environmentally friendly dosage forms such as suspension agent, dispersible oil suspension agent and solubilizable agent accounted for 33%, 16% and 10% respectively, while the traditional dosage forms such as wettable powder, cream and powder accounted for 12%, 4% and 2% respectively. Effectively reduce environmental risks.

 

Large proportion of biological pesticides

From the total amount, there were 43 active components of new pesticides, of which 29 were biopesticides (12 were biochemical pesticides, 15 were microbial pesticides, and 2 were plant-derived pesticides, as shown in Table 2). The number of active components of biopesticides accounted for 67.4% of the total active components of new pesticides (see Figure 3), and 14 were chemical pesticides, accounting for 32.6% of the total active components of new pesticides. There were 78 new pesticide products, of which 44 were biopesticide products (including 14 biochemical pesticides, 26 microbial pesticides, and 4 plant source pesticides), accounting for 56.4%, more than half. Year by year, the registration of chemical pesticide products decreased year by year, while the registration of biopesticide products increased year by year (see Figure 4), among which the new pesticide products registered in 2022 are biopesticides. It shows that the policy of encouraging the registration of biopesticides in China has achieved remarkable results.

 

Main control crops/sites and targets  

The control crops of registered products are mainly fruit and vegetable cash crops, and the control targets are mainly diseases and pests. There are 17 kinds of registered crops, including 6 kinds of melons and fruits: strawberry, apple, grape, watermelon, tomato, tomato (protected area) and cucumber. There are four kinds of vegetables: cabbage, cabbage, chili and potato. Fruit and vegetable crops accounted for 64.7% of the total registered crops. This is mainly due to the contribution of biopesticides.

Biological pesticides because of its low toxicity, low residue and other characteristics, can effectively reduce the risk of excessive residues, especially after the revision of the "Agricultural Product Quality Safety Law", it is clear that agricultural product producers and operators are responsible for the quality and safety of their production and management of agricultural products. Therefore, the registration of biopesticides on fresh agricultural products will become a hot spot, and the application prospects for high value-added agricultural products will be broader.

High enthusiasm for domestic research and development

Domestic enterprises have become the main object of new pesticide registration, and new pesticide researchers such as universities and scientific research institutions have actively participated. From the type of registration certificate holder, 2019. In 2022, a total of 33 units were approved for the registration of new pesticide products. Among them, there are 20 domestic enterprises, accounting for 60.6%, 3 universities and scientific research institutions, accounting for 9.1%, and 10 overseas enterprises, accounting for 30.3%. In terms of the number of registered products, 48 registered products were obtained by domestic enterprises, accounting for 61.5%, 6 registered products were obtained by universities and scientific research institutions, accounting for 7.7%, and 24 registered products were obtained by overseas enterprises, accounting for 30.8%.  

Different research and development priorities at home and abroad.

The registered products of new pesticide researchers such as domestic enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions are mainly biopesticides, and the registered products of overseas enterprises are mainly chemical pesticides. Domestic enterprises, colleges and research institutions and other new pesticide researchers registered a total of 54 products, including 39 biological pesticide products, accounting for 72.2% of the total registered new agricultural products, chemical pesticide products 15, accounting for 27.8% of the total registered products in China; There were 24 products registered by overseas enterprises, including 10 biopesticide products, accounting for 41.7% of the total registered overseas enterprises, and 14 chemical pesticide products, accounting for 58.3% of the total registered overseas enterprises. This shows that China's pesticide enterprises have invested more in the research and development of biopesticides, and on the other hand, it also shows that China's pesticide enterprises still have insufficient capacity in the creation of chemical pesticides.